Abstract Objective: Among other regulatory functions, vitamin D has a role in modulating the
inflammatory process of periodontal disease. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to assess
the relationship between vitamin D levels and periodontal health in dental patients from the Eastern
Province of Saudi Arabia.
Methods: Radiographs and serum vitamin D levels of patients seeking dental treatment were collected.
Exclusion criteria were systemic disease, smoking, recent vitamin D supplementation, and
previous periodontal surgery. Gender, age, and alveolar crest height (ACH) were recorded. A total
of 67 patients were categorized into three groups according to their serum vitamin D level (<10,
20 ng/mL) and their bone loss compared. Results: Differences in means were compared by t-test. ANOVA was used to compare vitamin D
groups and the corresponding ACH, as well as the correlation (p 20 ng/mL demonstrated a mean ACH of 1.6 mm. The mean ACH was 3.1 mm for those
with vitamin D levels < 20 ng/mL, and 4.6 mm for vitamin D levels < 10 ng/mL. A weak negative
correlation was found between vitamin D and ACH in all groups (r = 0.055, p = .7).
Conclusion: Serum vitamin D level seems to be an important factor that influences oral health,
especially the periodontal condition, of both male and female patients.
