Disintegration of Yugoslav state union, which was carried out marked by ethnic conflicts
and creation of new political and geographical subjectivities, resulted in major changes in ethnical and
ethno-confessional structure of most of the urban settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina and especially
those which until 1992 had a heterogeneous structure according to listed features. In this context,
the biggest changes were recorded in three urban settlements: Sarajevo, Banja Luka and Mostar. Today,
these settlements have a role of poles of development and affirmation of individual ethno-national
ethno-confessional interests. Sarajevo — of Bosniaks and Islam, Banja Luka — of Serbs and Orthodoxy
and Mostar — of Croats and Catholicism. Changes in ethnical and ethno-confessional structure of
population of Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the period from 1992 to 1995, strongly contributed to the
territorial organization of Bosnia and Herzegovina into two entities, the Republic of Srpska with Serbian
majority and Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina within which the cantons are formed either with
the Croatian or Bosniak majority. This division of Bosnia and Herzegovina, according to ethnical or
ethno-confessional principle, is again a source of different, and usually conflicting, geopolitical relations
and aspirations between mentioned constituents
