Biocompatibility Study of a New Dental Cement Based on Hydroxyapatite and Calcium Silicates: Focus on Liver, Kidney, and Spleen Tissue Effects
The effects of a new material based on hydroxyapatite and calcium silicates, named
ALBO-MPCA, were investigated on the liver, kidney and spleen. The material was administrated
orally for 120 days in an in vivo model in Wistar rats, and untreated animals served as a control.
Hematological and biochemical blood parameters were analyzed. Qualitative histological analysis
of tissues, change in mitotic activity of cells, and histological characteristics was conducted, as well
as quantitative stereological analysis of parenchymal cells, blood sinusoids, and connective tissues.
Additionally, the protein expressions of Ki67 and CD68 markers were evaluated. Histological anal-
ysis revealed no pathological changes after the tested period. It showed the preservation of the ar-
chitecture of blood sinusoids and epithelial cells and the presence of mitosis. Additionally, the sig-
nificantly increased number of the Ki67 in the presence of ALBO-MPCA confirmed the proliferative
effect of the material noticed by stereological analysis, while immunoreactive CD68 positive cells
did not differ between groups. The study showed non-toxicity of the tested material based on the
effects on the hematological, biochemical, and observed histological parameters; in addition, it
showed evidence of its biocompatibility. These results could be the basis for further steps toward
the application of tested materials in endodontics.